Know About the Functionality of Piezometer

A piezometer is a small instrument designed to measure the pressure rating of a liquid or gas or something that is related to pressure, like the compressibility of liquid. These small devices are commonly placed in boreholes in order to monitor the level or depth of groundwater. Primarily used to explore water levels or water pressure below the earth's surface, piezometers are usually described as a form of manometer, specifically designed for use in wells or drilled/hammered into the soil in order to examine and explore conditions closer to the earth's surface.

Piezometer designs vary, but a the common stand-pipe device typically consists of a short metal tube with a sharp and pointed tip. The tube is lined by holes along its sides, allowing subsurface air or water to enter the device. These holes are equipped with filters so rocks and soil are kept out. The inside of the tube is hollow so that users can collect samples and then transport them to the surface when needed. Depending on the application, a piezometer may also be anchored to the earth's surface by means of pipes, tubes, or special cables.

There are different piezometers designed to meet the needs of different applications and projects. Standpipe piezometers, for instance, are the most basic and usually, the most affordable. They require no calibration as these units simply consist of a piezometer that is connected to a standard metal pipe, whose top extends well above the surface of the earth. The device can be lowered or raised using a cable reel. The device sends a signal to the users above ground, alerting them to water pressure and levels below the earth as the unit hits subsurface water.

The second type of piezometer are vibrating piezometers, which offer highly accurate pressure measurements. However, they require more skill to use than standard piezometers, especially when it comes to maintenance and recalibration. Vibrating piezometers feature a tube connected to an electromagnetic coil and high tension wire. The wire vibrates when exposed to pressure changes and then sends signals using the coil. Pneumatic piezometers, on the other hand, are connected to the soil surface with a pneumatic / air-filled tubing. They provide information on air pressure changes below the surface and send signals via the tubes. At data logger or readout is used in order to interpret the signals and determine the existence and elevation of water under the soil.

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