What is Network Protocols? And it's types and work | What is NFS ||

Network Protocol

Protocol refer to the set of rules applicable for a network. The protocol defines standardized format for the data packet to be transmitted through the network.

Types of Protocol

• HTTP
• TCP/IP
• PPP
• FTP
• Remote Login (Telnet)

HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)

HTTP is an application layer protocol. It is widely used protocol. This protocol is used by the world wide web. HTTP defines how message are formatted and transmitted and what actions web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands. It is a request/response standard between a client (end-user) and server (website).

e.g. when you enter a URL in your browser, this actually sends an HTTP command to the web server directly to fetch and transmit the requested web page. It is generic, stateless and object oriented protocol.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

TCP/IP is the communication protocol for the Internet. It defines the rules, computers must follow to communicate with each other over the Internet. The TCP/IP is a protocol used in E-mail transmission. In fact, it is a set of protocol, i.e. TCP and IP.

The TCP/IP is a protocol, which is responsible for finding path for the destination. It also splits the message into several data-gram, if it does not fit in one data-gram. Therefore, these data-gram are sent through different alternate paths towards the destination. The TCP makes sure that the data-gram arrives at the destination correctly. While IP is responsible for moving packet of data from source to destination. It handles the address part of each packet so that it reaches to the light destination.

PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol)

It is a data link layer protocol, which encapsulates other network layer protocol for transmission on synchronous and asynchronous communication lines.

The PPP is used with dial-up Internet connections including ISDN. Is is a layered protocol, which is used for transmitting the IP data packets over usual telephone lines. It encapsulates packets into PPP frames and then forwards them to the server over the serial transmission lines. PPP defines the format of frame to be exchanged between devices on one or multiple links and also defines the authenticity of the two devices.

There are the layers of PPP;

• LCP (Link Control Protocol) LCP establishes the link between the source and destination.
• NCP (Network Control Protocol) NCP controls and transports the traffic.
• IPCP (Internet Protocol Control Protocol) IPCP permits the transformation of IP packets over the established PPP link.

Remote Login (Telnet)

Telnet is a protocol used for creating a connection with a remote computer. Once your telnet client establishes a connection to the remote host, telnet client becomes a virtual terminal, allowing you to communicate with the remote host from your computer. It establishes a connection either with command line client or with a programmatic interface. Telnet provides an error free connection, which is always fastest then the latest conventional modems.

NFS

NFS stands for Network File System. It is a protocol developed by Sun micro-system, which incorporates grant of permission to computers for accessing files over a network.