Functional organizational structure

Each companies considers different /numerous factors in selecting the organizational structure, some of the factors are "alignment to organizational objectives", "competency and specialization", "control & authority", "accountability & responsibility", "cost", "location", "communication and efficiency".

A functional organization structure is a hierarchical organization structure wherein people are grouped as per their area of specialization,the reporting relationships are grouped based on the specialty or functional area. Separate areas are established to take care of different concerns.A functional organization is the most common type of organizational structure. This is where the organization is divided into smaller groups based on its special functions such as IT, finance or marketing.

Advantages:

• Clearly defined career path
• Greater specialization and skill development
• More flexible work force
• Only one manager and no conflict

Disadvantages:

• Department work gets higher priority than project work
• No career path for PM

PMP is one of highly regarded project management certification offered by PMI ( Project management institute). PMP is is a standard & not a methodology which is applicable or can be applied in all industries like construction, IT, government etc. PMP is based on understanding the knowledge as per PMBOK. PMP covered project process groups, knowledge areas & processes.

The project integration management processes are :Develop project charterDevelop project management planDirect and manage project workManage project knowledgeMonitor and control project workPerform integrated change controlClose project or phaseThere are 7 project integration management processes and each of these processes contributes to overall project integration management and project success.A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to produce a unique product or service.

Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools & technique to the project activities to meet the project requirement. Project management enables the organization to execute the projects effectively & efficiently.

Project Management Process Groups:The Processes are grouped together in to five process groups. The Logical grouping of project management processes to achieve specific project objectives are called Project Management Process Groups. Below are the five process groups:

Initiating Process group: The processes part of initiating process group are performed at the time of new project or new phase of existing project.Planning Process group: The processes part of planning process groups helps in defining the plan for the project like defining scope, planning for schedule, cost, procurement, communications etc. This helps in defining the course for the project to achieve its objectives.Executing Process group: The processes in executing process group is performed to complete the defined work as per plan to satisfy the project stakeholders.Monitoring & Controlling Process group: As part of monitoring & controlling process group, the performance of project is tracked, monitored, reviewed & controlled. The variation from plan is derived & identify what changes are required to bring back the project on track.Closing Process group: The processes part of closing process group are done at the time of closing the project to close the project formally.

Project charter and its samples find out here.