Different Types Of Earthing Systems

Earthing is defined as the process of creating an alternative path for dispersing the excessive current flow safely into the ground. The primary purpose of Earthing is to prevent electric shocks from power appliances, tools and other electrical devices. In a properly earthed system, faulty currents are taken from the tripping fuse and dispensed in such a way that hazardous static electrical charges are reduced.

Although, most electrical systems have fuses to protect against faulty currents, the human body can be affected by an electric shock of less than one ampere which is far below the point at which a fuse operates. An Earthing System, therefore, prevents such occurrences.

Importance Of Earthing Systems

When proper earthing is ensured, an efficient Earthing System delivers several benefits. These benefits are as follow:

• Earthing System ensures protection against excess current and protects electrical equipment from damage caused by high voltage,
• An Earthing System ensures the safety of the user,
• It ensures best lightning safety.

Different Type of Earthing System

• TT System: TT System is normally used for consumer power supply. In a TT system, the owner installs the earthing protection on his own by connecting earthing power to the main line. The advantage of this system is that it stays clear from high or low frequency noise and does not have risk to neutral broken or failed connection. A TT System is most suitable for premises where all AC power circuits are Residual Current Device protected.
• IT System: Though this system is similar to TT System, yet it completely differs in earthing supply. The distributor system here does not have any connection to earth or to an electric connection. What this means is, that the usual protection is not as effective in this system as it is in other earthing systems.
• TN-S System: This system has a neutral power supply with connection of earthing only at one point. The earthing terminal is connected to the HV/LV transformer. Mostly used in underground power supply to premises or factories, the earth terminal offers a Protective Conductor to the neutral end of wiring.

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