Home Care: Care Guardian Nurse
Home care is often overlooked mainly because it is believed that nursing care in the patient's home is a choice dictated by savings. In reality, this is not the case. The ADI Nurse has recently become an indispensable health professional, capable of intervening with science and conscience in the most disparate situations and the most complex care areas.
The patient is continuously at the centre of care
Home care is currently a fundamental point and exponential growth in the organization of health care companies.
It represents a significant investment as hospitalization has significantly higher costs than the treatment provided at the patient's home.
It is a means of safeguarding the autonomy of individuals by guaranteeing their stay within the family unit, providing in home nursing care and utilizing their residence during the treatment process, with all the benefits humans that this entails. These benefits that home care entails have pushed healthcare organizations over the years to invest and train professionals in integrated care and rehabilitation. Many professions can be involved and diversified, such as the doctor, the nurse, the physiotherapist, the loss, the social worker etc., each bringing its specific contribution.
It is, therefore, to guarantee to non-self-sufficient people and in conditions of fragility, with pathologies in progress or their outcomes, assistance paths at home consisting of an organized set of medical, nursing and rehabilitation treatments, too:
- Stabilize the clinical picture
- Limit functional decline
- Improve the quality of life
- Use of residual skills
Home care is therefore, a service included in the basic levels of assistance to guarantee adequate continuity response to the health needs in the area (even complex) dependent people, elderly or not, the purpose of managing chronicity and the prevention of disabilities.
This is possible thanks to the interaction and teamwork between health professionals (nurses, doctors, physiotherapists) and the figures belonging to the patient's social network, the caregivers.
Home Care Today
Today, about the patient's need for health and the level of intensity, complexity and duration of the assistance intervention, we can distinguish between:
- Performance Home Assistance: occasional or scheduled-cycle intervention
- Integrated Home Assistance: multidimensional assessment of the person and assistance management by a multi-professional team.
Integrated Home Care, based on critical issues and weekly days of assistance, is divided into:
- 1st level home care
- Second level home care
- Level III home care
- Palliative care
Over the years, the development of home hospitalization has led to the birth of specialized activities for resuscitation patients (Critical Area), considered stable or chronic, and for cancer patients (Palliative Care), thus creating an alternative to hospitalizations in Hospice and ICU.
The assistance actors who revolve around the patient interact in teamwork to achieve the client's well-being. Among the health figures we identify:
- The home care nurse
- The general practitioner
- The physiotherapist
- The specialist doctor
The home care nurse providing in home nursing care is responsible for the patient's home nursing care. Only after completing the required qualification and practice can the nurse take action to provide his intervention according to the prescription.
The patient's home thus becomes an actual hospital ward with the difference that the family nucleus is kept intact, a factor of fundamental importance during the healing or stabilization process of the disease. The nurse plays an indispensable role in this (more present than the doctor), who is involved in physical assistance (therapies, medications, etc.) and psychological-emotional.
The tools used during daily work are not so different from those used in hospital wards. Infusion sets and needles for infusion therapies or blood sampling, complex or straightforward dressings for the treatment of lesions (pressure, vascular, oncological, etc.), management of devices such as bladder catheters, SNG and PEG, PICC and CVC.
As for autonomy, in-home care, the nurse is more independent in managing the patient; it is understood that the planning of all drug therapies is always up to the doctor.
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