Everything about manufacturing cost

To calculate total manufacturing cost you need to add three distinct price categories: prices of direct materials, direct labour and manufacturing overheads. Formulated in a formula it is the formula: Total manufacturing cost = Direct materials + Direct labour plus Manufacturing overheads.

This is the simplest version. But there's more to accurately the calculation of total manufacturing costs, beyond knowing the formula. In this article, we will look at the details of what comprises total manufacturing costs, how to work out its component elements - and most importantly, how to reduce the costs of an organization.

What are the total costs of manufacturing?

Total plastic manufacturer cost is the total cost of all the resources used in the process of creating a finished product. Calculating total manufacturing cost requires an accurate assessment of your company's various departments to understand their contribution in the process of manufacturing and the associated costs. This requires a detailed analysis of all materials, overhead and labour, to identify the manufacturing costs of completed goods in all of their entirety.

As mentioned above the three main elements of the total manufacturing cost are direct labor, materials, along with manufacturing overheads.

Direct materials are the raw materials that go into the finished product, and direct labour includes any employee who is who are involved in the preparation, assembly and manufacturing of these items. Manufacturing overheads include all expenses associated with the machining process and maintenance, as well as any indirect materials or labour that are used in a support role.

This is how you can determine each of these costs.

Direct materials: Add up the price of items purchased during a particular time frame, add this total to the cost of beginning inventory, and then subtract the cost of ending inventory. This will give you with your direct material costs incurred during the period.

Direct labour Calculate all direct labour costs that are employed in the production process for the period that includes any tax on wages.

Manufacturing overhead: Combine the costs of all plant and production overhead incurred for the period which includes expenses such as mortgage or rent fees, repair and maintenance expenses such as production salary, depreciation of plant and equipment

Knowing the total cost of manufacturing is an essential step for anyone who wants to increase productivity in manufacturing.

What is the distinction between indirect and direct manufacturing costs?

It's important to distinguish between indirect and direct manufacturing costs. When business costs relate to production activities they're generally described as 'direct' or indirect. They can be comprised of raw materials, finished goods, production activities and customer service (but are not inclusive of the administrative costs or other period expenses like rental charges utility bills, office equipment, or the cost of office equipment).

The primary difference between direct costs and indirect costs is that direct costs can be tracked to specific item, and are generally variable. Examples of direct costs include direct labour, materials commissions, wages and manufacturing equipment.

Indirect costs are likely be fixed costs that include rent and assurance, quality control costs, depreciation, and the wages of production supervisors and managers.

Direct materials costs in detail

Direct materials are the inventory materials used in the production of an end product. Direct materials comprise components, raw materials and other components directly used for the manufacturing or production of finished goods.

In coffee manufacturing, for example, the cost of coffee beans is an immediate material cost. For craft brewers, their direct material costs would include the hops, yeast, and water that they use.

How to calculate direct material costs

To determine direct material costs, add your beginning direct materials to the direct materials you purchased, then subtract the ending direct materials used for the period.

Total Direct material costs = Beginning direct materials + Direct materials purchased - Ending direct materials

For instance, a coffee roaster has $2500 worth of coffee beans at the start of the month, and has purchased an additional $4,000 worth of beans, and has $2,000 worth of beans left at the end of the time.

Total direct material costs = $2,500 + $4,000 - $2,000 = $4,500

Unlike fixed costs, which remain fairly constant in their cost, direct material costs are variable costs that change with the level of production. They rise as output increases and decreasing when production slows.

Making accurate calculations of direct material costs can be the very first stage to cutting down on the costs of your material inputs.

How to cut the direct material cost

Direct material costs can make up an enormous portion of a company's manufacturing expenses So how do you decrease the material cost of inventory without impacting the quality of the product? There are three ways manufacturers do this.

1. Substituting lower cost materials

If you're looking to replace materials with lower cost make sure you're not compromising the quality of your product and potentially damaging your image.

2. Control your costs for supply

Conduct some research Are there other suppliers which can provide similar products at a lower cost?

A couple of simple methods to substitute direct materials, without sacrificing the quality include sourcing from suppliers that can provide the exact same item or a similar one less expensively, or by reducing the cost of shipping by buying in bulk or local.

3. Reduce waste

A primary cause of production waste is excessive production. Producing too much stock in advance means you are spending significantly more on direct material costs. Additionally, you'll have to pay for holding surplus inventory or being left with inventory that you are unable to sell.

Better forecasting can reduce production waste, and implementing online inventory control software will aid in improving forecasting. Modifying production techniques to maximize the use of raw materials is another method by which a manufacturers can decrease direct material waste.

Leveraging suppliers. It is good practice to regularly evaluate your supply chain and to discover opportunities to enhance your supply chain. Take advantage of any discount on bulk purchases or seasonal supply-side surplus to protect yourself from prices that rise during the off-season.

Build effective supplier relationships to ensure that you get the exact materials you require at the time you require them. Good supply chain relationships reduce the expense of material delays. Implementing service level agreements aid transparency, facilitate delivery time frames and aid in maintaining consistent materials quality.

In-depth information on direct labour costs

Direct labour costs are more than wages. They include benefits like PAYE taxand superannuation contribution, holiday pay, sick leave entitlements, as well as workers' compensation insurance for all employees who are directly involved in the manufacture or production process of the product. This can include workers working on the assembly line, or workers who use machines and equipment for the production of the final product - processing team Quality assurance inspectors, processing team, coffee roasters and brewing staff responsible for delivering your finished goods.

How do you calculate direct labour costs

Before you calculate the direct labour costs per unit, it is important to understand how to calculate the direct hourly labour rate and direct labour hours.

step 1: Determine the direct hourly labour rates.

The hourly rate for direct labour is the sum of all wages, plus fringe benefits and taxes on payroll costs for the entire period. Divide this sum by the amount of time employed during each pay cycle. The aim is to take into variable costs, such as employees with higher or lower pay rates - in order to arrive at a single amount for the price of an hour's work.

Direct labour hourly rate is (Wages + payroll taxes + Fringe benefit cost) / amount of hours worked during the pay period.

Step 2: Calculate direct labour hours

This is the number of direct labor hours needed to create one unit. To calculate this, divide the number of units made by the amount of time required to make them.

Direct labour hours = Units produced / Labour hours

Step 3: Calculate direct labour cost per unit

Now that we know the hourly rate for direct labor and direct labour hours per unit, we can figure out the direct cost of labour per unit by multiplying the hourly rate of direct labour and the direct hours of labour per unit.

Manufacturing overheads in detail

Manufacturing overheads are indirect costs and includes:

Taxes and depreciation on the manufacturing facilities

Depreciation on the manufacturing plant and equipment

Salary of employees like managers, supervisors, quality control staff, and maintenance teams

It is the material cost of repairs and maintenance

Utility costs such as electricity and gas used in the manufacturing facility

As an indirect expense, manufacturing overhead it is challenging to allocate overhead costs to each of the units manufactured. For instance, rent and insurance for the manufacturing plant are calculated on the value of assets and not the quantity of units manufactured. These indirect expenses must be allocated to the units manufactured.

How can I calculate the manufacturing overhead

To determine the monthly manufacturing overhead find the overheads associated with manufacturing and add them all up. Now you can determine the manufacturing overhead ratewhich is the percentage of your income that is spent on overheads each month. To determine this, you need to divide your manufacturing overhead for the month by the amount of your monthly sales, and then multiply this by 100.

Manufacturing overhead rate = Overhead costs / Sales x 100

If, for instance, your company's monthly manufacturing overheads of $60,000 and the monthly sales are $490,000 The overhead percentage would be:

Manufacturing Overhead Rate = $60,000 / $490,000 x 100 = 12.24%

So, 12.24% of monthly revenue will go toward the company's overhead costs.

A low overhead for manufacturing suggests you are utilising resources efficiently and effectively.

It is crucial to make sure that manufacturing overhead costs are allocated

The cost of overhead directly affects a company's' balance sheet and income statement so it's important to keep track of and allocate these expenses. The allocation of overhead can help you identify areas to improve efficiency and cut costs. It is important in pricing because by incorporating indirect costs into pricing you can reduce costs effectively by pricing inventory to improve profitability.

Determining manufacturing overhead expenses also helps with budgeting of manufacturing costs. Knowing the manufacturing overheads allows you to plan the money needed to cover these costs.

Total cost of production vs COGS

Total manufacturing cost differs from the costs of goods (COGS). Where the total manufacturing cost is the total expense associated with all labor and supplies used to create a finished product, COGS sold are the cost of finished inventory that was sold during that reporting. Here's a refresher on how to calculate COGS.

The relationship between the cost of manufacturing total and productivity

In terms of a percentage of the output and input quantities manufacturing productivity is a measure of how effectively production inputs, like capital and labor are used to create a certain amount of output.

The calculation of total manufacturing costs lets companies to know the amount they're spending on making items. Businesses can use this number to track the proportion of revenue that goes into manufacturing costs. Through reducing the total cost of manufacturing, businesses become more productive.

In short, tracking the total cost of manufacturing can show how well a business is functioning. A low figure indicates that resources are utilized effectively. If the figure rises during the accounting period, it could indicate that resources are not effectively utilized.