What is the cost of a rooftop solar PV system?
There are two major factors on which the cost of solar rooftop systems depends. These are:
- Incentives/subsidies available.
- Function it serves.
Before coming to the cost of the rooftop solar systems, first we must have a brief idea about the different kinds of rooftop solar systems. Rooftop solar systems are divided into 3 types:
- Grid-tied: This kind of system is designed to power the load as well as to supply the generated power to the grid. These rooftop systems do not work during power failure.
- Grid-interactive: They are grid tied systems but can work well during a power failure as they have either diesel generator or battery backup to support the load.
- Off-grid: They can only work with either the diesel generator or the battery backup; they do not work in grids.
Cost of the solar rooftop systems contains the cost of all the components it is made up of.
Without including incentives and batteries, a solar rooftop system costs around 1,00,000 rupees per kWp (kilowatt peak) including installation charges. Below we have shown a usual cost breakup for 1 kWp system:
Component
Rupees
% of Total Cost
Invertors
23,000
23%
PV modules
52,000
52%
Installations
8,000
8%
Balance of systems
17,000
17%
Total
1,00,000
Note: Here we have not considered battery backup and thin-film modules as they require more installation area.
Incentives/Subsidies
The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission states that there are several subsidies or incentives available for solar rooftop systems.
- Accelerated Depreciation (AD): For rooftop solar systems under the Income Tax Act, there is accelerated depreciation available of about 80%.
- MNRE subsidy: Depending on the nature of the applicant, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy gives central financial assistance by giving capital/interest subsidy.
Final cost of the Solar Rooftop after considering Accelerated Depreciation and Subsidy benefit is discussed below:
(A usual breakdown of the final cost of 1 kW rooftop solar systems)
- Cost of a 1 kW rooftop solar plant: 100,000/-
- Subsidy @ 30%: 30,000/-
- Net cost after subsidy: 70,000/-
- Accelerated depreciation @80%: 56,000/-
- Tax rate: 35%
- Net cost after both AD and Subsidy: 50,400/-
So we can say that there are many factors on which the cost of Rooftop systems depends. Some of them are brands, warranties, overstatement of capacity and certifications/standards.