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E-business technologies have created new and different forms of legal and ethical considerations for firms, regulators, and users—and these are not only to do with issues of truth or fairness, as the erstwhile inventor of the World Wide Web suggests, above. There is an increasingly delicate balance for firms to maintain between justifiable commercial activity payment gateway for school and the rights of members of the e-business community, and this within an evolving regulatory environment. There may be no easy answers or trade-offs. Most e-business technologies, observe are 'double-edged', in that 'the same capability can be used for socially beneficial and destructive ends'.

The only way these matters can be resolved, Wilson suggests, is through 'conflict and co-operation among the contending elites' that negotiate across four distinct societal sectors. Business is only one of these sectors: others include government, research and development, and civil society, and managers need to be aware of the ways in which these issues are emerging being addressed. Behaviors that may seen as being unjustifiable often take place on the edge of and often wholly outside the control of the private sector, and shade into unscrupulous or illegal activities, which range from the harmless but irritating to the criminal. Internet users themselves remain concerned over a wide variety of issues connected with the privacy, safety, and security of networked information.

summarizes the results of a worldwide survey by the International Telecommunications Union, in which 48 per cent of respondents felt that communications networks were unsafe in some way, and the same proportion felt that the resolution of security issues was important for safeguarding the future of the Internet. The figure demonstrates the extensive range of fears, from a variety of causes, expressed by respondents. This chapter focuses on three issues which have particular implications for business: those connected with privacy, those surrounding intellectual property rights, and finally those involving fraud or other criminal activities.

In terms of privacy, the same Internet capabilities which enhance personal freedoms online also make possible what may be seen as increasingly intrusive behaviors when undertaken by organizations. The consequences are differently perceived. Some types of activity by firms, such as the use of cookies and tracking software, are regarded with increasing suspicion by some users, but with increasing resignation by others. The tensions between firms and their customers are paralleled at the level of the nation-state: trends towards the removal of cross-border barriers for B2B (business-to-business) electronic business have gone hand in hand with the emergence of censorship, state licensing, and surveillance of online activity in some countries, as e-government has developed. For example, Human Rights Watch has documented the differential approach of countries across the Middle East and North Africa to the reporting of news of expression of opinion on blogs or websites and payment gateway for college, where nevertheless:

'all of the countries surveyed continue to block Web sites for their political content or for other arbitrary reasons, and all retain and misuse vaguely worded and sweeping legal provisions to imprison Internet users for expressing unpopular or critical views. ‘In part by their very nature, e-business technologies also invoke questions of intellectual property rights, where—for example—unprotected digitized products can be shared easily but illegally, and where copyright and trademark legislation lags behind technological development—and even where it is relevant and up-to-date may require (as in the case of recorded music piracy, for example) collective action by an entire business sector.

Thirdly, the scope for deception and criminal activities such as payment fraud and identity theft, through such mechanisms as spamming and phishing, are of a new and different scale as a consequence of the dissemination and widespread availability of e-business technologies. Changes occurring in the regulatory environment affecting the Internet arising from some of these ethical and security concerns have direct implications for an organization's costs, processes, and procedures. These range from governance of the Internet itself, to changes in competition law, to regulations governing online transactions, intellectual property, information security, privacy and data protection.