An Innovative Batteries Technology

A novel technique for developing films of barium titanate nanoparticles in a polymer matrix could allow fabrication of improved capacitors able to reserve twice as much energy as conventional devices. The improved capacitors may be used in consumer devices such as cellular phones and in defense applications that need high energy storage and faster current discharge.

Due to its high dielectric properties, barium titanate has long been of choice for use in capacitors, but very recently scientists had been unable to yield the good dispersion of the material within a polymer matrix. By using customized organic phosphonic acids to encapsulate and hence modify the surface of the nano particles, researchers were able to overcome the problem to develop uniform nano composites.

For capacitors and related functions, the amount of energy you can store in a material is related to these two factors.

1. High Dielectric Constant
2. High Dielectric breakdown Strength

The new nanocomposite materials have been tested at frequencies of up to one MHz, and the research says operation at even higher frequencies could be possible. Though the new materials could have the commercial application without further enhancement, their most important contribution might be in demonstrating the new encapsulation technique which could have diverse applications in other nano composite materials.

This research opens an avenue to effectively exploit this type of particle in nano composites using the coating technology.

Because of their ability to preserve and rapidly discharge electrical energy, capacitors are used in many consumer products such as computers and cellular phones. And due to the increasing demands for electrical energy to power vehicles and new devices, they also have important defense applications.

The key to developing thin-film capacitor materials with higher energy storing capacity is the ability to equally disperse nano particles in as high a density as possible throughout the polymer matrix. Anyways nano particles such as barium titanate tend to form aggregates that reduce the ability of the nano composite to resist electrical breakdown. Other research groups have tried to address the dispersal issue with a various of surface coatings, but those tended to come off during processing – or to create materials compatibility issues.

Phosphonic acids develop affinity quite well with barium titanate and to other related metal oxides. The choice of that material and affinity materials were very effective in allowing us to take the customized phosphonic acids, put them onto the barium titanate, and then with the correct processing, to incorporate them into polymer systems.

Though large crystals of barium titanate could also provide a high dielectric constant, they generally do not give adequate resistance to breakdown; moreover, their formation and growth can be complex and require high temperatures.

One of the biggest advantages of using this approach is that you combine particles of a material that provide desired properties in a matrix that has the benefits of easy processing. Now we conclude.

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