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The Pioneer of Photography

Author: Mariana Nikki
by Mariana Nikki
Posted: Feb 16, 2014

The history of the camera goes much further back than the introduction of photography. The photographic camera progressed from the camera obscura and continued to change through many years of photographic technology. It was the ancient Chinese and Greeks who developed the device called the camera obscura. The earliest camera were room sized that could only hold one person inside. These gradually evolved into more compact models suitable for photography.George Eastman, the pioneer of photographic filmstarted manufacturing paper film in 1885. His first camera was called ‘Kodak’ which a box camera with a fixed-focus lens and single shutter speed and loaded with film. The camera appealed to the average consumer because it was low priced.1900s saw the introduction of the snapshot concept. Eastman has taken mass photography one step further with the introduction of a simple and inexpensive box camera called Brownie whose various models remained on sale till the 1960s.sAlthough the cameras made by Eastman were low in cost, high quality prints were still offered and remained popular till the 20th century when electronic photography replaced them.

Around 1913 Oskar Barnack built the prototype 35 mm cameras and it became the preferred choice of format film for high end compact cameras. Even though the 35mm cameras were comparatively lower in price the roll film remained the format of choice for the mass markets. The tide turned in 1936 with the arrival of the Argus A and then Argus C3, by 1966 35mm had dominated the market.In 1936 the Japanese camera Canon had become quite popular especially in the West after the Korean War.While the conventional cameras were becoming more advanced and sophisticated, there was a new type camera that appeared in the market in 1948. This was the Polaroid Model 95, the world’s first instant picture camera invented by Edward Land which produced positive prints in less than a minute. By the 1960s the Polaroidhad expanded to dozens of models.In 1938 the Super Kodak Six-20 was the first camera to feature automatic exposure. Due to its high price it was not much of a success. However, by the 1060s the electronic parts became low cost and easily available and cameras equipped with light meters and automatic exposure became widespread.

Finally we have the digital cameras that differ from the analog mainly because they do not use film and are low in cost. They capture and save photographs on memory cards or internal storage. In today’s world the digital cameras includes wireless communication capabilities, such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, which enables it to transfer, print or share photos easily.The first digital camera that was sold commercially was DS-X, in December 1989 in Japan. The Dycam Model 1 digital camera came to the United States in 1990 but was a commercial failure because it produced black and white prints, low in resolution and high in price.In 1988 the move to digital formats was also helped by the formation of JPEG and MJEP standards which allowed the image and video files to be compresses for storage reasons.Casio was the first consumer camera with a liquid crystal display on the developed in 1995. Then in 1999 we saw the introduction of the Nikon D1, which was affordable for professional photographer and high end consumers.As time passed and technology advanced the sales of digital cameras continued to grow. The digital market segmented into various categories, such as Compact Digital Still Cameras, Bridge Cameras, and Digital SLRs.

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Author: Mariana Nikki

Mariana Nikki

Member since: Aug 24, 2013
Published articles: 57

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