Types Of Portland Cements

Portland cement is a combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron and traces of other compounds. Lime and silica, with approximately 85% of the mass, are the principal raw materials used in manufacturing this cement. Construction requirements may vary depending up on a number of factors, and therefore different types of Portland Cements are available in the markets of the USA. As per the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), there are eight types of Portland Cements, which are described briefly in the following section.

Type I

It is general purpose cement and is widely used in the construction of bridges, reinforced concrete buildings, pavements, sewers, water pipes, etc. However, it cannot be used where the structure will be exposed to rugged conditions such as moisture, high temperature, sulfate attack, etc.

Type II

Type II Portland Cement is meant to withstand moderate sulfate attack and is extensively used in the construction of heavy structures such as retaining walls, large piers and abutments. It is formulated to slow down temperature rise, and is suitable for warm conditions.

Type III

Type III Portland cement is hailed for the high strength it imparts to the structure in significantly less time, generally a week or even less. In the applications where quick servicing is required, Type III cement is perfect.

Type IA, IIA, IIIA

Type IA, IIA, IIIA are variants of Type I, Type II and Type III Portland Cements respectively. These varieties exhibit improved resistance to freeze-thaw action owing to the small traces of air-entraining materials added to the clinker during their manufacturing process.

Type IV

This cement is characterized by a low heat of hydration and develops strength at a relatively slower pace. It is used for the construction of dams where temperature rise is a crucial factor.

Type V

Type V Portland cement has been specifically formulated to withstand sulfate attack. It is used in applications where groundwater or soil contains high level of sulfate.

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