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How a Ball point pen works
Posted: Apr 25, 2019
Almost a century ago, the inventor of the ball point pen, Biro, was sitting at a café in Budapest watching the rain outside. The problem he was facing with the fountain pens at work was also at the back of his mind when his eyes fell on a bunch of children playing with marbles in the rain outside.As he saw the marbles falling into the small puddles of water and then rolling out, he noticed the trail of water that the rolling marble left in its wake. This gave him the idea of using a small rolling ball to draw ink from a reservoir and make a mark on paper with that ink.
The key component of a ball pen is the tiny rolling ball in the nib. The ball could be made of steel, tungsten carbide, chrome, or even brass. This ball forms the interface between the surface on which the mark is put (paper, wood, etc.) and the ink reservoir inside the pen. The ball is held tightly enough in a socket to prevent disintegration, but there is just enough place for the ball to rotate as the writer writes.
This rotating action of the ball, a combination of capillary action and gravity induces a small quantity to ink to come down from the reservoir and make a mark on the paper. The beauty is that there is just enough space for the ink to roll down and make a mark on the paper, but not too much space for ait to move up and dry the ink inside the reservoir.
In later years, this ball and socket technology has been used successfully in other products like anti perspirant roll-ons, but the ball point remains the most significant invention, by far.
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