Artificial Intelligence

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

WHAT ISArtificial Intelligence(Ai)?

In computer science, Artificial Intelligence(AI), also called Machine Intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in contrast to the Natural Intelligence displayed by humans. In other words Artificial Intelligence is a capability of machine to behave like a human (i.e. it may feel, it may think and many more things that humans perform should be performed by the machine very easily).

OR

The ability of a digital computer or computer controlled robot to perform tasks like humans.

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

(On basis of Functionalities)

a)Reactive Machines: It is the basic form of AI. It does not contain past memory and it cannot use past memory for the future operations. Ex : IBM Chess program

b)Limited Memory: This type of AI is used in Self Driving Cars. They observe other cars’ speed and direction. These observations are stored and saved in the programming part of the AI system which may be used by the AI system in future. But this type of AI system fails when their comes a new situation or condition. This AI system does not know about any new conditions or situations.

c)Theory of Mind: This type of AI should be able to understand people’s emotions, beliefs, thoughts, expectations. This type of AI are also able to interact socially. This is not the AI system which we humans are thinking or thinking to get. We want more Innovations in AI system.

d) Self Awareness: It is an AI which is a complete human being i.e. it contains its own conscious, self awareness and super intelligent. This kind of AI is not possible, it is just a thinking. If we will be able to find such kind of AI then this will be a great Milestone in the field of AI.

WAYS TO ACHIEVE AI

1. Machine Learning(ML): It is a method in which a target is defined and is achieved by working in small steps and these steps are done by machine itself. in this type of AI machine gains experience and save it for future use. For example, to identify a small object such as apple or mango we are not able to explain or code about the details of apple or mango. We are able to simply show the small thing to the machine so that it should save all details about it, such as size, shape, colour etc.
2. Natural Language Processing(NLP): In this way the software will automatically manipulate the natural language like speech and text. One of the well known examples of this is email spam.
3. Vision: It is the field which enables machines to see. In this all the Visual information is captured and analysed with the help of camera, Analog to Digital conversion, and digital signal processing. It is usually achieved by Machine learning to get the best possible result so we say that these two fields are interlinked.
4. Robotics: It is the field of engineering which deals with the design and manufacturing of robots. Robots are same in looking as humans and perform tasks that are difficult to perform by humans. These are more consistent than humans.

Sophia is a good example of robot which interacts socially.

ADVANTAGES OF AI

1. Error Reduction: AI has low error rate as compared to humans, if coded properly. It is more precise, accurate and fast.
2. Difficult Exploration: In mining we use Artificial Intelligence and Science of Robotics
3. Account Management: It become very easy and secure with the help of AI. All banking and financial institutions are using AI for Account Management.
4. Fraud Detection: AI is also used to detect fraud in all smart card based systems.
5. No Breaks: Machine do not require any break or refreshment like humans as machines are programmed for long hours working.Machines perform continuously without getting bored.
6. time saving: As we know that machines can work continuously with accuracy, no error and does not need a break so they save our time.
7. Increased work efficiency: AI system is used to do the work efficiently and properly without any errors.

DISADVANTAGES OF AI

1. High Cost: Creation of Artificial Intelligence is very costly as it requires a lot of complex machines for its development. Its maintenance is also very costly.
2. Lesser Jobs: As the AI system and Robots are doing the work more efficiently than humans hence taking the place of humans and decreasing the job opportunities for humans.
3. Make Humans Lazy: As we give most of our work to robots we are making ourselves lazier.
4. Addiction: We are becoming addicted to AI systems which is not good for us.

CONCLUSION

As a result we have studied Artificial Intelligence, its types and ways to achieve it. We also learn about the advantages and disadvantages of AI system in this article.

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Regards

Yash Jaswani

I am Yash Jaiswal and I am doing my Engineering from SGSITS College Indore. I want to become a successful Engineer. For more information visit Technology Moon http://technologymoon.com