Diabetes Mellitus Statistics

The World Health Organization has recorded a global data of 36 million people, who have been suffering with type 1 diabetes; which definitely raise an alarming situation. Diabetes is an autoimmune disorder, wherein body’s own immune cells attack and destroy insulin producing islets cells, due to which, glucose metabolism is affected. This, in deed requires stringent monitoring of sugar level and lifelong dependency on external insulin administration. While so far, no successful treatment has been reported conventionally to completely cure the issue, stem cells transplantation has reported to show successful outcome in many clinical investigations. Further to which, diabetes if ignored for a longer period of time can give rise to multiple organ failure, due to constant exposure to the higher blood glucose.

Stem cells are the naïve cells of human body, with the ability to differentiate into multiple cells types; upon passage through the cascade of signalling pathways. These cells are reported to be the first live cells, after fertilization and with their tremendous ability to divide and differentiate, they give rise to an entire human being in the mother’s womb. This extraordinary potential of stem cells has been identified to be the unlimited and invariable source of different important cells that have been lost and/or damaged in various degenerative conditions.

With lot of data accumulated from worldwide clinical studies, stem cells are acknowledged to be the holy grail of cellular therapy, being one of the body’s own components and due to their consistent end results. Stem cells isolated from the body’s own sources, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, etc. are found to have excellent control over body’s immune cells and their regulation; thus, they have played a pivotal role in managing faulty immune system and redirecting them towards their normal mechanism.

Since, conventional medical science has no clue, how dangerous autoimmune disasters like diabetes can be cured; modern medicine can find a possible solution through stem cells technology. With the latest advancements in cell culture technology, it is possible to extract stem cells outside the autologous sources mentioned above, in a controlled environment and enriched through different other techniques, to enhance their stemness. Stem cells isolated and cultured from fetal tissues can as well be infused along with their autologous counterparts, to intensify their in vivo effect of transdifferentiation, regularization and functional restoration.

One of the definitive issues, global scientists are struggling with is to define a perfect route of administration of stem cells, back into the body. At present, various routes have been identified and are routinely practiced, such as through intra-venous administration, through cerebrospinal fluid, through intra muscular administration, etc. But studies have confirmed that administration of stem cells at the point of injury can minimize their loss through the vascular systems of the body and can as well reduce the time these cells reach to the target. However, in case of internal diseases, like diabetes, a trained physician is the necessity to administer stem cells via intra-arterial infusion.

Thus, lot of development is still on its way, with the current understanding of stem cells and their therapeutic success; it can be considered as an alternative approach to manage diseased condition, without extending into steroidal administration and diet control.

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