What are the process of Water Treatment Chemicals

Water treatment process undertaken by various agencies ensures that the water is safe and secure for usage. Read on to know more about the process of water treatment in India.

Water is essential for life, required for drinking, cooking and for other everyday activities. People are dependent on water to such an extent that one can’t spend even a day without water. Generally, especially in urban areas across India, supply of clean and safe water is the responsibility of the local governing bodies like the municipalities of the cities. These local governing bodies store and supply water and also ensure the potable water is up to the desired standard. To ensure safe and clean water supply, water is adequately treated before it is supplied.

The process used to treat potable water

Water treatment comprises of a combination of physical and chemical steps. Water treatment chemicals in India that are generally used include alum, chlorine, fluorides, etc. The water treatment plants generally stock these chemicals, which are supplied by the water treatment chemical suppliers. The entire process of portable water treatment is the same across most of the government-run water treatment plants in India and is as follows:

1. Chemical Coagulation

The process of coagulation can be described as a process in which a chemical coagulant is added to the raw water. This causes the neutralization of the impurities, causing them to coagulate or clump together, thus making the dust, dirt, impurities, etc. easy to remove. Common Water Treatment Chemicals in India used for this process is alum, also known as aluminium sulphate, and a polymer that helps improve the performance of the primary coagulant.

2. Flocculation

Flocculation is a physical step that is used to enhance the action of the chemical coagulant. In this step the water is gently stirred, so as to build floc particles so that they are big in size and heavier than water so that they easily settle down and can be easily removed by the next step.

3. Sedimentation and filtration

The process of sedimentation is very simple; the treated water is stored in sedimentation tanks so that all the heavy floc particles and clumps of impurities denser than water are allowed to settle down. To allow for the sedimentation process, water is allowed to stand in the sedimentation tanks for a few hours. Finally, the top layer of clear water is sent through filters to remove any solid particles, turbidity and impurities.

4. Disinfection

Before the purified water is fit for supply it has to be thoroughly disinfected. Disinfection is the process of neutralization of microbes, bacteria or any other microorganisms that might cause infection and disease. Disinfection of potable water is done through chemical action. Chlorine is the most common disinfectant used and the water storage plant generally procures chlorine from Water Treatment Chemicals Suppliers in bulk and stores it onsite.

5. Monitoring the water quality

Water is essential but it is also a vehicle for many common disease-causing organisms. Hence, it is important that the water supplied is properly monitored, which is why the Central Pollution Control Board in India in collaboration with the State Boards monitors the quality of water on a regular basis.

By ensuring that the water quality is safe for human consumption, the process of water treatment in India makes sure that there is no shortage of potable water for consumption.

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