Importance of the emission control system in the car

The emission control system helps to reduce the generation of noxious gases from the internal combustion engine. It is a very complex system and contributes a lot to reduce the atmospheric pollution level. Hydrocarbon based fuel used in different types of vehicle generates a huge amount of poisonous gases which are solely responsible for the air pollution. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide and unburned hydrocarbons emission from a vehicle makes the atmosphere toxic which contributes a lot for different types of health related problems.

The emission control system converts the toxic gases generated due to the burning of the hydrocarbon based fuel in the internal combustion chamber. Malfunctions in the emission control system have negative impacts on the ability of such an important system to get control over the emission. So, everyone should be aware of different aspects of the emission control system. Such awareness is really essential to keep the emission control system in working order.

Components of the emission control system:

Different components of the emission control system needs routine maintenance to work efficiently. Following components helps a lot to reduce the emission of different types of hazardous gases from the vehicle and helps to protect the environment.

Oxygen sensor:

It monitors the quantity of the unburned oxygen in the exhaust. Feedbacks provided by the oxygen sensor helps a computer to control the oxygen and fuel level inside the internal combustion chamber. Malfunctions in the O2 sensory might have negative impacts on the emission level in the exhaust. So, warning signs like the appearance of the check engine light indicates that O2 sensor has some sort of malfunctions should not be ignored.

Mass airflow sensor:

It monitors the volume and density of the air entering to the engine. Engine control unit (ECU) uses those data to stabilize the mixture of fuel and oxygen inside the combustion chamber. Issues in the mass airflow sensor might increase the emission of unburned carbohydrates into the atmosphere. Routine maintenance is necessary to keep it in working order.

Catalytic converter:

It helps to convert carbon monoxide, which is a poisonous gas to carbon dioxide. Palladium or platinum used as catalysts in the catalytic converter in order to oxidize the carbon monoxide gas into carbon dioxide. Defective catalytic converter could not control the emission of carbon monoxide which is a poisonous gas. Thus, signs which show that catalytic converter has some issues should not be ignored. It should be repaired immediately.

Gas cap:

It prevents the evaporation of the fuel from the gas tank into the atmosphere. Fuel evaporation not only affects the fuel economy of the vehicle but also has toxic impacts on the human body. Thus, regular inspection of gas cap is essential and defective gas cap should be replaced immediately to prevent unnecessary fuel loss.

PCV valve:

Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system takes the unwanted gases in the crankcase to the combustion chamber. By doing so, it prevent the emission of unburned fuel to the atmosphere. Defective PCV valve increases the emission of different types of pollutants to the atmosphere. So, defects in the PCV valve should be repaired immediately.

EGR valve:

Extreme temperature of the internal combustion chamber contributes a lot for the formation of NOx which is an atmospheric pollutant. EGR or exhaust gas recirculation system helps a lot to cool down the internal combustion chamber and thus reduces the formation of NOx. Besides, it re-circulates the unburned hydrocarbons to the internal combustion chamber.

Air injection system:

It helps to provide an adequate amount of oxygen required for the process of internal combustion. Introduction of oxygen in the internal combustion chamber helps to eliminate the emission of unburned hydrocarbons to the atmosphere. Mechanical errors in the air injection system might increases the secretion of different types of unburned hydrocarbons. Such malfunctions should be repaired.

Bottom line:

Introduction of the emission control system helps a lot to reduce the emission of different types of hazardous and toxic gases to the atmosphere. Different components of the emission control system works together to reduce the emission level. Malfunctions in such components might have disastrous consequences. Thus, efforts should be made to keep the emission control system in working order. Warning signs like the ignition of the check engine light which indicates that the vehicle has some sort of mechanical deformities should not be ignored. Routine maintenance is the key to enhance the efficiency of the emission control system in the car.

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