Mimic any Voice: How Speech Synthesis will Evolve the Customer Experience

Speech Synthesis is the latest technology or the creation of artificial intelligence in the form of natural language text. However, it is not something which is to be confused with recorded audio playback, it is a computer-generated speech formed from the text. There are two main components of speech to text or the speech synthesis system, the first is Natural Language Processing (NLP) and the second component is Digital Signal Processing that is (DSP). It's not far that computers are going to be highly interactive and offer the experience of talking to a real person. Virtually every modern PC has a computerized voice that can convert text into speech. We can highly see this application for visually disabled people, speech synthesis is simply that aspect of an output where the machine dictates or reads out what is fed into it with the help of a loudspeaker. This is known as text to the speech where the input is the text which is fed into the system and the output is a simulated voice that is being played. This overall makes a talking machine. For example, if you have an entire sheet of the written text in which you wish your laptop or computer to read it out loud, how would you go about converting the words into a voice? So, there are three stages involved which are - text to words, words to phonemes, and phonemes to speech.

• Text to words - Although reading is quite a simple task for every person, how difficult does it become for a young child to read a book for the first time. It is way too hard. In languages and information, there is a huge role of perception, due to which the main problem which arises with written text is multiple perceptive meanings. This means that the same piece of information can mean something positive for one person and something negative or completely different for another person.Hence the first stage of speech recognition is known as normalization. At this stage basically, it is filtering out or narrowing down many different ways a particular text which is input in the system can be understood. This step further seeps down the most logically appropriate one to attach the text with. Pre-processing or the first step helps the computer make lesser errors in giving out the result of words. Things like special characters, currency symbols, numbers, abbreviations, acronyms, etc. need to be turned into words through statistical probability techniques. The techniques are applied by computers like neural networks hidden Markov models for arriving at the most appropriate pronunciation.
• Words to Phonemes- Now at the second stage once it is figured out which words need to be used, the speech synthesizer further moves a step ahead to understand the speech sounds that make up those words that have been filtered for use. Basically, for each word, there is a list of phonemes that make up their sound. These phonemes are nothing but sound components that are made by any spoken word. It helps people differentiate them from one another and these phenoms add sense to the very existence of words. Each word is broken down into graphemes by the computer. The advantage of this step is that it helps machines read any sort of word it comes across, whether it’s a daily use word, foreign word, a technical term, or an unusual name.
• Phonemes to sound – Once the written sequence of words is converted into phonemes, there needs to be a standard, basic phoneme in place that would help computers read out loud. Three methods can be used for the same- using human recordings for phonemes, using computer-generated phonemes of basic sound frequencies and the last is to clone the human voice.

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