Introduction of Water Treatment Methods

Water treatment methods include physical treatment and chemical treatment. The way humans treat water has been for many years. Physical methods include the use of various filter materials with different pore sizes, and the use of adsorption or barrier methods to exclude impurities in the water. The more important adsorption method is the adsorption of activated carbon. The barrier method is to pass the water through the filter material, so that the larger impurities cannot pass through, and then get cleaner water. In addition, the physical method also includes the precipitation method, which is to allow impurities with a smaller specific gravity to float on the water to be removed, or to deposit impurities with a larger specific gravity to obtain. The chemical method is to use various chemicals to convert impurities in water into substances that are less harmful to the human body, or to concentrate the impurities. The oldest chemical treatment method should be regarded as adding alum to the water. After the impurities in the water are assembled, the volume changes. Large, it can be filtered to remove impurities. Commonly used water treatment chemicals are polyaluminum chloride industrial grade, polyaluminum ferric chloride, basic aluminum chloride, polyacrylamide, activated carbon and various filter materials.

Water treatment includes sewage treatcment and drinking water treatment. In some places, sewage treatment is subdivided into two types, namely sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse.

The purpose of wastewater treatment is to discharge (discharge into water bodies or land) or reuse. In the recycling water system and water regeneration treatment, the raw water is wastewater, and the finished water is water. The processing process has the properties of both water supply and wastewater treatment. Water treatment also includes the treatment and final disposal of waste water and sludge generated during the treatment process, and sometimes the treatment and discharge of waste gas.

Water treatment methods can be summarized in three ways

1. The most commonly used is to obtain the required water quality by removing some or all of the impurities in the raw water.
2. By adding new ingredients to the raw water, the required water quality can be obtained later through physical or chemical reactions.

3. The processing of raw water does not involve the removal of impurities or the addition of new ingredients. Impurities in water and treatment methods Impurities in water include entrained coarse substances, suspended substances, colloids and dissolved substances. Coarse materials such as floating plants in the river, garbage, large aquatic organisms, gravel in the wastewater, and large dirt. In the water supply project, the coarse impurities are removed by the facilities of the water intake structure and are not included in the scope of water treatment. In chemical treatment of wastewater, the removal of coarse impurities generally belongs to the pretreatment part of water. Suspended substances and colloids include sediment, algae, bacteria, viruses, and insoluble substances that are originally in the water and produced in the water treatment process. Dissolved substances include inorganic salts, organic compounds and gases. There are many treatment methods for removing impurities in water, and the scope of application of the main methods can be roughly divided according to the particle size of the impurities. Since the impurities contained in the raw water and the permissible impurities in the finished water are very different in type and concentration, the water treatment process is also very different.

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