How to Save Rainwater Using Rainwater Harvesting Techniques

There are two types of rainwater collection systems:

• Surface runoff

• Rooftop rainwater harvesting

Rainwater harvesting is the collection and storage of rainwater for on-site usage rather than letting it run off. These water reserves are used for a number of things, including irrigation and gardening. This section discusses several rainwater collection methods.

1. Harvesting surface runoff

Rainwater in urban areas runs off as surface runoff. By using suitable procedures, this discharge might be captured and utilised to recharge aquifers.

2. Rainwater collection on the roof

It is a rainwater collection system that captures rainwater as it falls. The roof becomes the catchment in rooftop harvesting, and rainwater is collected from the house/roof. building's It can be kept in a tank or directed to a system for artificial recharging. This technology is less costly and extremely successful, and if correctly done, it may assist augment the area's groundwater level.

1. Surface runoff harvesting

In urban areas, rainwater is discharged as surface runoff. This discharge might be caught and used to recharge aquifers provided the proper procedures are followed.

2. Rooftop rainwater collecting

Components of a Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System

The following sub-components make up the system:

Catchments

For the initial flush, use a transportation filter.

Catchments

A rainwater collection system's catchment is the surface that directly collects rainfall. It might be a paved or unpaved terrace, a courtyard, or open ground. A flat RCC/stone roof or a sloping roof might be used for the terrace's roof. As a result, the catchment is defined as the region from which the rainwater collecting system receives its rainfall.

Downtake water pipes or drains should be used to transport rainwater from the roof to a storage/harvesting system. UV-resistant water pipes (HDPE/PVC ISI pi)

Initial Flush

The first flush is a gadget that is used to flush the first shower's water. To avoid contaminants from the atmosphere and the catchment roof from contaminating storable/rechargeable water, the initial rain shower should be wiped off. It will also assist in the clearance of accumulated silt and other debris.

Filter

Rooftop Rainfall Harvesting has traditionally been viewed with mistrust, with fears that rainfall may contaminate groundwater. There's a potential that this fear will come true if proper filtering measures aren't put in place.

Second, extraordinary caution should be used to ensure that subterranean sewage drains are not obstructed.

Filters are used to remove turbidity, colour, and microorganisms from water efficiently. After the initial flush of rainfall, water should flow through filters. A gravel, sand, and 'netlon' mesh filter is built and mounted on top of the storage tank. This filter is essential for keeping rainwater free of contaminants.

This mechanism keeps silt, dust, leaves, and other organic particles out of the storage tank. The filter media should be cleaned on a regular basis after each downpour. Clogged filters make it harder for rainwater to reach the storage tank and may cause the filter to overflow. Remove and rinse the sand or gravel media in the filter before reinstalling it.

Sand and gravel sand and gravel sand and gravel sand and gravel sand and gravel s

Filters built of brick masonry and filled with stones, gravel, and sand are popular. Each layer should be divided using wire mesh.

Using Charcoal as a Filter

Charcoal filters can be made in-place or in a drum. Pebbles, gravel, sand, and charcoal should be added to the drum or chamber. Each layer should be divided using wire mesh. If there is any odour, it is absorbed with a thin layer of charcoal.

PVC – Pipe Filter

This filter may be produced and installed using PVC rainwater gutters, which are made of PVC tubing and have a diameter that varies depending on the size of the roof. Six-inch-diameter pipe is required for a 1500-square-foot roof, while eight-inch-diameter pipe is required for roofs greater than 1500-square-foot. The pipe is divided into three sections by wire mesh.

Fill each component with gravel and sand alternately. A layer of charcoal might be placed between two layers. Both ends of the filter should be lowered to the smallest size necessary to link the intake and exit. This filter may be fitted horizontally or vertically in the system.

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