Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) System – Working and Benefits

The rising demand for vehicles that consume lower fuel and generates fewer emissions has made gasoline direct injection (GDI) one of the preferred technologies used in fuel-delivery system. In addition, the United States government's stringent emission regulations is a powerful reason that manufacturers are prompted to use direct injection technology. In this article, we'll discuss how this technology works in a vehicle and its benefits.

How gasoline direct injection system works

The fuel in a GDI vehicle is injected at a high pressure into the combustion chamber. In this way, it reduces fuel consumption and emission.

In direct fuel injection system, the air and the gasoline are not pre-mixed. An air-fuel mixture is built in the combustion chamber of the engine and is pumped through a tiny nozzle (injector) at a high pressure into the engine. For this, air from the atmosphere goes into the chamber through the intake manifold. Gasoline is injected at a high pressure (as much as 200 bar). This results in spiraling motion of the air-fuel mixture and higher cooling in the combustion chamber. The cooling leads to higher compression and better performance of the engine.

Benefits

Good performance: Direct fuel injection system is more efficient than carburetor based vehicle because of higher power output.

The fuel injection system works on the basis of an electronic control unit. This results in efficient consumption of fuel when compared to a carburetor run system.

In addition, the fuel injection system leads to low carbon emission.

Reduces knocking tendency and enrichment at higher speed and load: In a direct injection system, in-cylinder evaporation happens. This reduces the knocking tendency and boosts the compression ratio and the engine will work at a higher efficiency. This is because the greater is the compression ratio, the more is the efficiency.

It also reduces enrichment. Enrichment is the state of the fuel-air mixture having fuel in droplet form that makes it less combustible.

An advantage of GDI system is that the compression ratio can be improved with a lower knocking effect. This improves the efficiency of the engine because of the low-end torque.

Reduces pumping and heat losses: Pumping losses happen when air is sucked into and out of the cylinders when the automobile moves at low speeds.

In addition, gasoline direct injection increases the engine efficiency by 35% when compared to traditional carburetor engines and reduces heat loss.

GDI is increasingly being used in modern automobiles because of its efficiency, eco-friendliness and good driving dynamics – all this makes GDI automobiles a sensible option.

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