What is A Phagemid Vector

1. About Phagemid

Before introducing the phagemid, it is important for us to know something related to it--the Plasmid. As for the Plasmid, it is a small circle of bacterial DNA that is independent of the main bacterial chromosome. Plasmids often contain genes for drug resistances and can be transmitted between bacteria of the same and different species and have been frequently used in genetic engineering.

Following is the Phagemid. A phagemid is a plasmid that contains an f1 origin of replication from a f1 phage. It can be used as a type of cloning vector in combination with filamentous phage M13. A phagemid can be replicated as a plasmid, and also be packaged as single stranded DNA in viral particles. Phagemids contain an origin of replication (ori) for double stranded replication, as well as an f1 ori to enable single stranded replication and packaging into phage particles. Many commonly used plasmids contain an f1 ori and are thus phagemids.

In a simple way to understand about is that a phagemid is a normal plasmid which additionally has the feature of an M13 origin. The M13 phage origin allows the packaging of the plasmid into an M13 phage when the bacteria is also infected by an M13 helper phage. Phagemids usually encode no or only one kind of coat proteins. Other structural and functional proteins necessary to accomplish the life cycle of phagemid are provided by the helper phage.

2.Phagemid vectors

Phagemid vectors are plasmids which have been artificially manipulated so as to contain a small segment of the genome of a filamentous phage, such as M13, fd or f1. Those phagemid vectors that are commonly used include the pEMBL series of plasmids and the pBluescript family.

Usually, phagemids are used to generate templates for site-directed mutagenesis. It can also be applied into RNA transcription, high-resolution restriction mapping, sequencing of single- and double-stranded nucleic acids, generation of nested deletions,etc.

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