What are the Types of Microscopes?

Firstly, a Microscope is defined as the instrument or apparatus that is used to view or observe very small objects or specimens using magnification glasses employed in it. Through these glasses, the users will be able to magnify the object up to 100 times to get a more detailed view.

Types of Microscopes

From the above sections, as you know, there are different types of microscopes available, each having its own unique features and applications. These microscopes are,

• Simple Microscope
• Compound Microscope
• Electron Microscope
• Stereomicroscope
• Scanning Probe Microscope

Simple Microscope

The Simple Microscope is defined as a microscope that employs only one magnification Lens, for the magnification of different objects or samples. Besides, in this microscope, a convex lens includes a small focal length. The principle of the simple microscope is when a sample located within the focus point of a microscope, will result in the formation of a virtual, erect, and magnified image at the least distance from the Lense or vision.

Compound Microscope

As you can guess from the name itself, this is a microscope that contains more than one Lense, in order to obtain a more detailed and magnified image of the object. Similar to the simple microscope, the magnifying power of this microscope is calculated using the equation,

Electron Microscope

This is a unique type of microscope that uses the source of illumination, by accessing the beam of accelerated electrons. And because of the improved illumination, the image formed by this microscope is generally of high resolution and has the magnifying abilities of up to nanometers. The principle of the Electron Microscope involves using a tungsten metal rod, and a magnetic coil. And when voltage is applied to the microscope, the movement of electrons becomes random, as they get excited.

Moreover, because of the excitation of electrons, a beam of light is formed, which can be used to magnify or focus on the samples, however, in this process, the magnetic coils play an important role in directing the beam of light onto the object or sample. Furthermore, based on the type of principle, the Electron Microscopes are differentiated into two types,

• Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).
• Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

Stereo Microscope

In order to get a three-dimensional view of the sample or object, the stereomicroscope is commonly used. Because of this, it is often referred to as the dissecting microscope. Moreover, in this microscope, there are two separate objective lenses, with two separate eyepieces. This means the users can make use of two eyepieces to view a better image of the sample or concentrate on two samples at the same time.

Furthermore, the stereomicroscope uses only low power, hence it is mostly suitable for viewing opaque objects or samples. Besides this, the Stereomicroscope is actively used in microsurgery, observing crystals, and examination of historical artifacts.

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