The client could care less about internet online payment

This chapter is an introduction to the Internet—what it is, how it works, where it came from, and how business professionals can use it to increase efficiency and productivity. What is the Internet? The short answer is that the Internet is a worldwide network of networks, which raises the question, what is a network? By definition, a network is a group of computers and peripheral devices (such as printers, modems, and so on) that are connected in some way so that their users can share files and other resources. A network can be as simple as two computers in a small office or in a home connected via a communications cable. A more complex network, a local area network (LAN), can connect many computers via a communications cable.

Yet a still more complex kind of network is a wide area network (WAN). A WAN is any network that crosses metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries, and so you could say that the Internet is the largest WAN on the planet. The Internet online payment is actually a specific type of WAN—a collection of interconnected networks, which is technically an internetwork. Internet, then, is short for the term internetwork.

According to the Federal Networking Council, the term Internet refers to the "global information system that is logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons; is able to support communications using the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons, and/or other IP-compatible protocols; and provides, uses, or makes accessible, either publicly or privately, high-level services layered on the communications and related infrastructure described herein." The next section explains this in a more comprehensible fashion.

When you send or receive information over the Internet, the process can seem almost instantaneous—under ideal conditions. But the way that information travels over the Internet is fairly complex. We’ll look at the parts and pieces that make it happen a bit later in this section, but first we need to look at two underlying mechanisms that are responsible for the existence of the Internet: client/server architecture and the TCP/IP family of protocols.

Some people say that the real secret to the Internet is an arrangement based on programs called clients and servers. Simply put, a server is a program that provides a service, and a client is a program that requests a service. A server program resides on a computer that is also called a server because it stores the information about payment gateway that the client requests.

For example, you have an e-mail program on your computer; it is a client. When you use this client program to send a message over the Internet, it contacts an e-mail server program on another computer, which could be in the same office building or on the other side of the world. That mail server program ensures that your message is delivered to the address you specified. Client programs reside on your computer, but server programs reside on remote computers. Remote doesn’t mean on a desert island, but just some place outside your office or home.

Now all these client and server programs on the Internet are not all running on the same kinds of computers or on the same operating system. You can access the Internet with a Macintosh computer, with a terminal attached to a mainframe, from a computer that is running the UNIX or Linux operating system, from a computer that is running any of several versions of Microsoft Windows, and so on. And the server program you access could also be running on any of a number of different configurations. What makes this possible is that all these computers and programs abide by the same set of communications rules, known as protocols. In particular, the Internet uses the TCP/IP family of protocols.

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