Transport and its impact on environment

With the birth of the humans the need to trade and travel in order to explore came across. There were no modes of transport in the beginning except for the humans themselves but with the advancement in technology the invention of wheel was cited and later it turned out to be a tremendous invention ever. Then later on a lot of vehicles were invented and other than that many means of transport were also invented. It surely added a lot to the ease of the humans but what it also did is that it started polluting the environment. Transportation is a major user of energy in our daily life, and burns most of the world's petroleum. This creates air pollution including nitrous oxides and is a significant contributor to global warming through emission of carbon dioxide for which transport is the fastest-growing emission sector. Other than this some other harmful gases are also released that add to the worries of humans and pollutes the environment.

By subsector road transport is the largest contributor to global warming. This clarifies the fact that what impact this transport is having on humans. Environmental regulations in developed countries have reduced the individual vehicles emission. However this has been offset by an increase in the number of vehicles and more use of each vehicle. With the growing number of vehicles problems seem to be increasing. Some pathways to reduce the carbon emissions of road vehicles considerably have been studied too. Energy use and emissions vary largely between modes causing environmentalists to call for a transition from air and road to rail and human-powered transport and increase transport electrification and energy efficiency.

The fact remains evident that these means of transport damages the environment to a great extent. Other environmental impacts of transport systems include traffic congestion and automobile-oriented urban sprawl which can consume natural habitat and agricultural lands. By reducing transportation emissions globally it is predicted that there will be significant positive effects on Earth's air quality, acid rain, smog and climate change all at the same time. The health impact of transport emissions is also of concern. A recent survey of the studies on the effect of traffic emissions on pregnancy outcomes has linked exposure to emissions to adverse effects on gestational duration and possibly also intrauterine growth. Road-Rail Parallel Layout is a design option to reduce the environmental impact of new transportation routes by locating railway tracks alongside a highway. In 1984 the Paris in Lyon high-speed rail route in France had about 14% parallel layout with the highway and in 2002 70% parallel layout was achieved with the Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed rail line. This shows that environmentalists are also making various efforts to stop this effect on the environment. Given the fact that traffic continues to increase it seems that the worries will also keep on increasing for the environment. If no steps are taken to stop this, it may result in severe consequences sooner or later.

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