Centred Care: The Ethical Approach to Supporting Clients with Dementia

De-Escalation Techniques: How to Respond to Challenging Behaviors

In professional aged care, behaviors like pacing, aggression, repeated questions, or refusal to cooperate are not viewed as defiance; they are viewed as communication. When a person with dementia exhibits challenging behavior, it usually signals an unmet physical or emotional need, or a reaction to environmental stressors (like noise or confusion).

For your assignments, demonstrating the ability to use person-centered de-escalation techniques is crucial. These methods prioritize the client's dignity and emotional reality while ensuring safety.

Here are five essential steps for effectively de-escalating challenging behaviors in dementia patients.

1. Check Yourself First (The 10-Second Rule) ✋

Before you approach the client, you must manage your own stress and non-verbal cues. If you look rushed or frustrated, you will instantly escalate the situation.

• Action: Take two deep breaths. Pause for 10 seconds. Approach the client calmly and slowly.

• Non-Verbal Cues: Lower your physical profile (crouch or sit at their eye level). Keep your hands visible and relaxed (not crossed). Use a soft, low tone of voice. A lowered voice often acts as an immediate calming signal.

2. Identify the Underlying Need (Be a Detective)