What is the need of Constructor chaining in java

What is Constructor Chaining: Calling a constructor from another constructor, is known as constructor chaining.If we want to access the properties of any constructor then we have to use constructor chaining.

We know that constructor is neither static nor non static. So we can’t inherit the constructor.But using constructor chaining we can acquire the properties of another constructor.

Note: Constructor is a special type of method that always holds the class name. It is not a method but it consist of the same behaviour as a method.

Properties of Constructor :

1. It is same as the class name.
2. It does not having any return type or return statement.
3. It has access modifiers.
4. It is neither static nor nonstatic.

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How can we achieve the constructor chaining?

There is two ways to achieve the constructor chaining:

1. super() : super() (call to super) is used to call the super class constructor. That mean sub class is able to access the properties of constructor which are present in super class. For accessing the super class constructor properties inheritance is must.

If user is not defined the super() then compiler generates as the first statement in the class.But if user defined constructor is there compiler never generate the super().

2. this(): this()(call to this) is used to call the same class constructor. That mean we can achieve the properties of constructor which are present in the same class. For using this() constructor overloading is necessary. Without constructor overloading we can’t get the properties of same class.

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Note: super() and this() should be the first statement. Because of that both can’t be present in the same class.

What is Constructor Overloading?

In a single class multiple constructor exist with the same name but differs in number of parameters, type of parameters and position of parameters.

What is need of constructor chaining?

1. Access the properties: Constructor chaining is used to access the properties of constructor in the same class or in another class.
2. Code optimisation :Using constructor chaining we achieve code optimisation, means lines of code get reduced.

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1. Maintenance easy : Using constructor chaining maintenance easy because if we keep the common functionality in super class constructor.So we need to change only in super class constructor.
2. Memory will get reduced : If same code will repeat at multiple times then more memory will used. to avoid this we use constructor chaining, we access the same code.Then less memory used.

Difference between constructor and method :

1. Constructor always holds the class name, but method name should be different, method name should not be same as the class name.
2. Constructor is neither static nor non static but method is always static or non static.

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3.Constructor is not having return type or return statement. Method is always having return type. Method always returns a value. If we don’t want any value to be return then we use void return type.

Difference between super() and this()

1. super() is used to call super class constructor, this() is used to call same class constructor.
2. For super() inheritance is necessary because for achieving the super class constructor we use the concept of sub and super class.

For this() constructor overloading is necessary.

3.If user defined super() is not there compiler generate super().

But this() is not generate by the compiler, we have to explicitly define the this().

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