Facility design and planning

Standards

Associations, institutions and government agencies issue health related standards that are authoritative statements that articulate, acceptable, minimal and excellent levels of performance or that describe expected outcomes in health care delivery, health care technology, biomedical research and development and professional health care. Health care facilities cover a wide range of small and other facilities considered simple medical clinics to complex, large and costly, research and teaching hospitals. The Environmental Infection Control concerns Health-Care Facilities and includes a compilation of recommendations that are necessary for prevention and control of communicable diseases that are associated with health care environments. A clean environment plays an essential role in the prevention of hospital-associated infections. The health care facility environment can lead to transmission of diseases among patients. Adverse exposure to airborne and environmental pathogens can lead to both adverse outcomes in patients and among health care workers. The environmental infection control strategies can prevent infections. Adherence to water quality standards and building standards can be effective in safeguarding the health care facility performance.

Facility design and planning

Facility design and planning should ensure there is adequate water supply in the health care facility. Secondly, the design should enhance the cleaning of the premises to prevent transmission of communicable diseases among patients and health care facility workers. The facility design should be in such a way that there is provision for adequate floor spaces for beds. The beds should also be adequately spaced to prevent transmission of infections and also provide adequate space for patient that is a necessary part of the healing process. The facility should also have hand washing facilities to cater for both in patients and out patients that make use of the facility. High-risk areas such as operation theatres, intensive care areas, transplant units and isolation rooms should be adequately ventilated. Traffic flow should be regulated to facilitate transport of patients and minimize exposure the exposure that is associated with high risk patients. Renovations to the building should be done to in a way that prevents exposure to infections. A protective environment is required in every health care facility set up. Patients require a protective environment due to the levels of immune suppression. Ultra clean air circulation is necessary for intensive care units and unit such as haemotology. There should be a define way to clean the air that circulates into rooms to minimize airborne particles that may lead to infections. When air is purified, the air that enters, the rooms should be free of bacterial contamination

Environmental safety; Environmental cleaning is a necessary part of cleaning the environment and should be to ensure a tidy environment. The rooms should not have flowers or plants.visitors, and staff should be provided with personal protective where appropriate to safeguards the patient's health. Frequent cleaning of the health facilities should be done by dusting. Aseptic techniques should be used when conducting clinical procedures. The health care environment should provide safety to all stakeholders or parties that use the hospital. It is a requirement that all health facilities maintain a clean environment should be maintained by all medical facilities to enhance safety. In conclusion, the introductions of the Standards have led to widespread and important improvements in the accessibility and safety of all health care facilities.

References

Committee on Standards for Developing Clinical Practice Guidelines, Board on Health Care Services (2011) Institute of Medicine Clinical Practice National Academies Press.

Committee to Advise the Public Health Service, Institute of Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines (1990)Directions for a New Program National Academies Press

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