Application of Nanomaterials in Pharmacy

1 Promoting drug absorption and increasing bioavailability

The current research in nanopharmaceuticals is mainly on how to use nanomaterials as drug carriers to improve the efficacy of drugs. There are two main ways to improve the efficacy of drugs: one way is the nanometerization of drugs, that is, to make drugs into nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have a small particle size, a large specific surface area, and a significantly faster dissolution rate than conventional materials, which helps their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Another way is to use nanoparticles as drug carriers. Since these nanoparticles are highly dispersed, have a large surface area, and have special surface properties (such as bioadhesion, electrical properties, affinity, etc.), which is conducive to improving drug loading and Increasing the contact time and contact area of the drug at the absorption site, and the nanoparticles have a significant protective effect on the drug, so the absorption and bioavailability of drugs can be improved.

2 Targeting delivery of drugs

Nanocarriers can also improve drug targeting activity and reduce side effects. When nanoparticles circulate in the body, they are easily absorbed by the reticuloendothelial system. Some pathological tissues can specifically pass nanoparticles. For example, tumor vessels have high permeability to nanoparticles, and can selectively absorb large molecules and colloidal particles with a diameter of

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